Processes

Sublimation

Sublimation and de-sublimation processes are applied to certain substances which tend to decompose or polymerize at temperatures above their melting point. It is a process by which a product is transferred from its solid state directly to its gaseous state by adding thermal energy but without passing through a liquid phase. The reversal process is called de-sublimation. Typically, sublimation takes place at vacuum in the range of 1 to 100 mbar(a).

The most common application of sublimation and de-sublimation is the purification of substances. LIST has developed an economic process which allows the reliable, continuous sublimation and de-sublimation of products.

Properties

  • Effective self-cleaning to minimize dead zones, product accumulation and product degradation

  • Excellent kneading and mixing for better homogenization

  • Low shear processing

  • Effective heat transfer

  • High surface renewal efficiency

  • Large free vapour volume

  • Precise and uniform temperature control due to large heat transfer areas

  • Continuous processing

  • Wide and flexible range of average residence times

  • Wide and flexible range of average residence times

  • Reliable process scale-up from pilot to industrial units

Examples

Ferrocene
Ferrocene and its derivatives are antiknock agents used in fuel

Organic compounds
Organic compounds such as certain pharmaceutical intermediates, food additives, dyestuff, etc.

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    The BUSSLIST Group combines three process technologies that cover the most demanding stages of material processing—from high-viscosity reactions and temperature-sensitive compounding to precise solidification.